Prerequisites for the construction of the Navoi chemical plant
By the beginning of the construction of the Navoi Chemical Combine, the chemical industry of Uzbekistan provided more than 7% of the production of mineral fertilizers in the former USSR. In terms of their production per capita, it was ahead of the Union average.
And yet, the volume of production of mineral fertilizers in the republic did not cover the needs of agriculture, which is why they had to be imported from other regions of the country, for example, from western Siberia and Ukraine, and from abroad.
Uzbekistan's need for mineral fertilizers in 1965 was 3460 thousand tons, including nitrogen fertilizers - 2032 thousand tons. However, only 2146 thousand tons of fertilizers were produced, including 1338 thousand tons of nitrogen fertilizers.
Broad prospects for a rapid growth in the production of mineral fertilizers in Uzbekistan opened up after the commissioning of the richest natural gas fields in the Bukhara region. The use of natural gas from the Bukhara field as a raw material made it possible to bring nitrogen fertilizer plants as close as possible to the regions of their consumption.
All this, as well as the construction of a large Navoi SDPP, were the prerequisites for the construction in the city of Navoi of a chemical plant for the production of ammonium nitrate and nitron fiber with a group of organic production shops based on integrated processing of natural gas.
Designing of the Navoi Chemical Plant
More than 10 large design organizations of the former Soviet Union took part in the design of the Navoi Chemical Combine. In addition, design organizations from Czechoslovakia took part in the development of the project for the third stage ammonia production. The general designer of the plant was the State Institute of the Nitrogen Industry (GIAP), and since 1970 - the Chirchik branch of the GIAP.
The following main production projects were developed for the Navoi Chemical Plant:
- ammonia
- weak nitric acid (under a pressure of 5.6 atm and 7.3 atm)
- ammonium nitrate
- workshops of the organic complex for the production of acetylene
- acetic acid
- acetaldehyde
- acrylic acid nitrile
- ammonium sulfate
- hydrocyanic acid
- sodium cyanide
- production of fiber nitron
Start-up and expansion of the Navoi chemical plant
On December 31, 1964, the State Acceptance Commission signed a decision “to take into operation with an overall rating of“ good ”the facilities for the production of weak nitric acid and ammonium nitrate. From this day the chronology of the Navoi Chemical Combine is being conducted. Two days earlier, on December 29, 1964, in the shift of Islamkuly Djumabaevich Saipov, the first ammonium nitrate was obtained.
Three months later, on March 8, 1965, the first ammonia was obtained in the shift of Vladimir Grigorievich Usachev. Until that day, fertilizers were produced from imported ammonia. In March 1965, the design capacity of production was mastered (110 thousand tons per year). On March 31, 1965, an act was signed on the commissioning of phase I ammonia production facilities. Significant events for the entire enterprise were the launch in November 1965 of the department for filling cylinders with technical oxygen, which was awaiting the construction sites of the Bukhara region and the receipt in the summer of 1967 of the first ton of ammonia water, which was in dire need of the Navoi industrial areas and especially agriculture. In June 1968, the carbon dioxide separation was launched.
The construction of workshops for the organic complex began in 1965. And already in August 1968, shops for the production of carbon dioxide, sodium cyanide, hydrocyanic and acetic acid, acetylene, acetaldehyde and ammonium sulfate were put into operation. On April 21, 1973, the first tons of acrylic acid nitrile (ACN) were produced.
The newborn plant grew and developed at an astonishing rate for that time.
On December 31, 1970, the facilities for the production of acetylene acetaldehyde were commissioned.
On January 7, 1971, gaseous ammonia was obtained, and on the night of the eighth, nitric acid.
On January 9, 1971, melt was fed to the granulator and the stream of drops rushed down. The conveyor was filled with saltpeter. This is how the first ammonium nitrate was obtained at the third stage of the chemical plant.
Commissioned on March 31, 1971:
- operating shop for weak nitric acid of the third stage;
- facilities of the third stage of ammonium nitrate production;
- facilities of the third stage of ammonia production.
The construction of the first stage nitron fiber production was carried out in 1970-1971. On October 25, 1971 (at the imported NAC) the first technological thread of production was launched. Full development of production capacity was achieved by June 1973.
In 1975, the Navoi Chemical Plant was transformed into a production association "Navoiyazot" JSC.
The year 1988 was also marked by no less significant events for the entire enterprise. This year, the thiourea production unit was launched, and the production of hydrochloric acid was also launched.
In 2001, a shop for the production of caustic soda and liquid chlorine was put into operation. This workshop was built in cooperation with the German chemical company Lurgi.
During the period 1991-2014, the production of 14 new types of products was mastered:
- The drug "Uniflok", 1991;
- Epoxy-diane resins of the ED-20, ED-16, ED-40 brands, 1992;
- Urea-formaldehyde resins KFZh, KS - 11, 1992;
- Water-soluble preparations K-4, K-9, 1993;
- Polyacrylamide PAA-gel, 1993;
- Granular polyacrylamide, 1994;
- Methanol grade "A", 1999;
- Formalin - 37%. year 2000;
- Caustic soda, 2001;
- Hydrochloric acid, 2001;
- Sodium hypochlorite, 2001;
- Polypropylene bags, 2005;
- Nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizer, 2009;
- Water dispersion paint, 2010.
«Navoiyazot» JSC took an active part in the implementation of two projects in the free industrial and economic zone "Navoi". Jointly with the South Korean company DK Cosmetics, a joint venture LLC Navoiy-Beatu Cosmetics was created for the production of cosmetic products, and together with the PRC company "Hunan Alofi & Exp. Co. Ltd" created JV LLC "Navoiy Hunan Pulp" for the production of baby diapers. The named joint ventures went into operation in 2011.